Numerical Control (NC): A Comprehensive Overview of Automated Machine Operations

Numerical Control Means operation which is controlled by number, letter and symbol. By using this technology machine tool & workpiece operate automatically. Numerical instruction is designed to do a particular job. NC machine has the capability to change the program for a particular job. In this system, we feed program in punch card/ punch tape. Application of numerical control is in lathe & milling  machine and many  other like; welding, sheet metal working, riveting.

History : The invention of numerical control has been due to the pioneering work of John T. Parson in 1940’s . When he tried to generate a curve automatically by milling cutter by providing coordinate motions.

Benefits of NC :

1) Accuracy & Precision : In the case of mass production is difficult to maintain the quality of the product. But by using this technology its easy to maintain accuracy & precision.

2) Speed of Production : Due to automatic operation and more accuracy the production rate increases.

3) Cost of Production : Due to automatic operation at accuracy with less time & less wastage of material, the cost of manufacturing a particular job will be reduced.

4) Effiency : If in system feed correct program & tool /work offset is ok, then there is less chance of manufacture wrong dimensional product. Hence the efficiency of production will also increase.

5) Safety : In this technology, all operation is automated. There is no need for a manual process, hence the less chance of an accident.

Type of NC system : Its divides into three type

1) Traditional numerical control [NC]

2) Computer numerical control [CNC]

3) Distributed numerical control [DNC]