Domestic Pumps Explained: Types, Mechanics, and Placement

Domestic pump categorizations

These three methods depend on how they move the fluid, including:

Direct lift,
Displacement,
Gravity methods.

In other words, the types of pumps can be divided into direct lift pump, displacement pump, and gravity pump. The pump is usually operated by a reciprocating mechanism or a rotating mechanism, and consumes energy to perform mechanical work that moves fluid.

The installation location of the pump is also important. The mechanical pump can also be submerged in the fluid pumped by the pump or placed outside the fluid. The pump can be divided into positive displacement pumps, impulse pumps, velocity pumps, gravity pumps, steam pumps and valve-less pumps. according to its displacement method.

 

Power source of domestic pumps

Pumps can be operated by many sources of power, such as manual operation by humans, electricity, engines and even wind power. These energy sources can be a wide variety of equipment, ranging in size from miniature microscopes used in medical applications to large pumps used in waterworks. The scope of application in the industrial field is even greater. For example, ordinary size industrial pumps for machine tool cutting liquid transmission and coolant circulation.

 

Industrial pump application

Compared with household pumps, industrial pumps have a wide range of applications, such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtration work, pond filtration tasks, water cooling and fuel injection in the automotive industry, oil and natural gas transportation in the energy industry, and cooling tower operations. In the industrial field, pumps are used to move cutting fluids and coolants in machine tools. In the medical field, pumps are used in the process of developing and manufacturing drugs, or as an artificial substitute for human body parts.

 

Another classification category

Whether it is a domestic pump, industrial pump or commercial pump, its design must include impellers. The number of impellers determines the working mode of the pump and the strength of liquid delivery. A pump that contains only one rotating impeller is called a single-stage pump, while two or more rotating impellers are called a two-stage or multi-stage pump. In applications in the biological field, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have been developed. The concept of BIOMIMICRY is sometimes used in the development of these new mechanical pumps. Just like in the early days, people tried to study birds to achieve human flight. Through such efforts, although not always successful, there are many bionic cases that help to improve the level of scientific research.

There are also two basic types of pumps, namely positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps. A positive displacement pump draws a fixed amount of liquid and discharges it into the discharge pipe, thereby moving the fluid. Generally, positive displacement pumps use expanding cavity on the suction side and decreasing cavity on the discharge side. In this method, when the cavity on the suction side expands, the liquid flows into the pump, and when the cavity collapses, the liquid flows out from the discharge port. Therefore, it can be ensured that the flow volume is constant in each cycle.

A positive displacement pump can produce the same flow at a given speed, regardless of the discharge pressure. Therefore, the positive displacement pump is a constant flow device. But as the pressure increases, internal leakage will gradually increase, thus preventing a truly constant flow. Since the positive displacement pump does not have a closing valve like a centrifugal pump, it cannot against a closing valve on the discharge side of the pump. Therefore, the positive displacement pump will continue to generate flow in the closed discharge valve, and the pressure in the discharge line will continue to increase until the line bursts, severely damaging the pump.