PoE IP CCTV Camera Installation Wiring with NVR – Step by Step In the latest technology era, AI security and surveillance is taking the major role in protection systems of sensitive areas with appropriate information than human being. The security systems also improved by designers e.

12V to 5V Converter Circuit – DC-DC Step Down Conversion  We always do not have a 5V battery readily available, and sometimes we need higher voltage and a lower voltage at the same time to drive different parts of the same circuit. To solve this issue, we use a higher voltage, which i

24V Flasher Circuit Diagram using 555 Timer Industrial level control devices like PLC, HMI, etc. have an operating voltage of 12V or 24V. The loads (LED indicator) and sensors, that are used to interface with a PLC, also have a nominal operating voltage of 24 V. Other than that, a few autom

Automatic Night Lamp Using Arduino – Code, Working and Simulation Automation basically means to invent a method which reduces or eliminate human efforts. In this tutorial, we are going to explain how to automate a night lamp via a simple interfacing of Arduino and Relay by using Pro

Electronic Eye Circuit for Security Control System In this era of electronics, we always come across several electronic devices and machines that are working superbly to ease our workflow to a great extent. No doubt, electronic devices are saving a lot of manpower and un-necessary effort. I

Soldering Iron Temperature Controller Circuit & Working If you are an electronic enthusiast, then you must be familiar with soldering iron device. This is generally used to design electronic circuits on PCB. If you are not using an adjustable soldiering iron for soldering, then chance

Analysis of Reactive Power in Power System Reactive power is an imaginary power, but still, it is needed in the Power System. If reactive power is in excess in Power System than voltage may go up and in case of shortage of reactive power voltage may be low. In this article, we will explain

Difference Between MCB, MCCB, ELCB and RCCB (RCD or RCB) & RCBO Circuit Breakers Different types of Circuit breakers are installed and used for safety purposes in both residential as well as commercial and industrial areas. In power distribution, we need circuit breakers at different le

Smart Home Automation System Project using Arduino  Automation (such as home automation and industrial automation etc) has become important in today’s world as it helps to complete a task with lesser human assistance and in a smarter way. Houses are becoming smarter and developed these days

Multi Wire and Cable Electronic Tester Circuit Project Cable testers are electronic devices used for testing electrical and electronic connections and strength in signal cables or different wired assemblies. They are generally used for checking of path connectivity, and it also checks the i

What Happens When the Primary of a Transformer is Connected to the DC Supply? A transformer is a device which step-up or step-down the level of AC current or voltage without changing the primary (i.e. input source) frequency.  Transformer only works on AC and can’t be operated on DC i

Top Basic and Simple Electronics Mini Project Ideas Following is the updated list of 100+ top basic and very simple electronic engineering mini project list ideas with circuit diagram for engineering students, fresher and beginner and hobbyists. Arduino Based Projects What is Arduino and

50+ Electronics Engineering Project Ideas for Engineering Students Below is the list of project ideas for Electronics Engineering students and hobbyists. Battery status Indicator using Arduino In this project, the Arduino is able to measure the voltage of the battery which should be scaled

Public Street & Road Lighting – General Principles, ISO & IEC Standards  Lighting Basic Parameters Basic parameters used in lighting are: Luminous flux – notation: Φ ; unit: lumen ( lm ). Luminous intensity – notation: I; unit: candela ( cd ). Illuminance – notation: E; unit: l

How to Control Electric Stress in Cable Joints & Terminations? Introduction Power cables are of great importance in power transmission and distribution systems. Terminations and joints are the basic accessories of the power cables and they are required to make connections between line

Working in Confined Spaces – Workers Health & Safety  What is Confined Space ? A confined space is defined, in what concerns labor and safety regulations, as an area which is enclosed with limited openings for entry or exit but it’s large enough for entering and working

Automatic Plant Watering System – Full Source Code, Circuit & Project Report – PDF Download Introduction In daily operation related to watering the plants are the most important cultural practice and the most labor-intensive task. No matter whichever weather it is, either t

Two Bulbs of 80W & 100W are Connected in Series & Parallel – Which One will Glow Brighter? The most confusing question we received that if two bulbs are connected in series and then in parallel, which one will glow brighter and what are the exact reasons? Well, there are lots

How to Wire a Single Phase Distribution Board & Consumer Unit in Home Single Phase 120V/230V Distribution and Panel Board Wiring in Home Single Phase wiring installation is the most common wiring in residential buildings. In Single Phase supply (230V in UK, EU and 120V & 240V in th

How To Test A Relay Using Multimeter & Battery? Its Terminal Identification & Operation In this article, we will show you “how to test a relay“. A relay usually gets damaged due to a number of reasons. So it is crucial to test a relay if it stopped working before you rep